初中英语知识点总结(集锦五篇)。
总结是在一段时间内对学习和工作生活等表现加以总结和概括的一种书面材料，它能够使头脑更加清醒，目标更加明确，我想我们需要写一份总结了吧。总结怎么写才不会流于形式呢？以下是小编整理的初中英语知识点总结，欢迎大家借鉴与参考，希望对大家有所帮助。
初中英语知识点总结 篇1
在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句，它的作用相当于形容词，被修饰的词叫做先行词。
1、定语从句的位置。
1)定语从句一般地说要放在先行词之后，无论这个词在句中充当何种成分。
The student who answered the question is bill.
2)有时先行词后还有一个作定语的词或词组时，定语从句则应放在上述成分之后。
Do you know anyone in our class whose father is a business man?
2、定语从句的引导词
1)定语从句的引导词是由关系代词或关系副词充当的。
关系代词有who/whom/whose/that，关系副词有when/where/why,它们除了引导从句的作用外，还要在从句中充当一定的成分。关系代词和关系副词的选用要看其在从句中发挥的作用，与主语没有任何关系。
在从句中充当主语的有who/which/that.
在从句中充当宾语的有whom/which/that.
在从句中充当定语的.有whose.
在从句中充当状语的有when/where/why.
当定语从句所修饰的先行词是人时，关系代词要用who(主格)，whom(宾格)，也可以用that,以及whose(所有格)，先行词是物时，关系代词要用which,也可用that.whom/which/that在从句中作宾语时往往可以省略。
例如：
The students who do not study hard will not pass the examination.
Do you know the man(whom)mr green shook hand with?
The letter(which)I received yesterday is from my sister.
Who is the man(that)is reading a magazine over there?
The book(that) you lent me is very ingteresting .
I will never forget the day when I joined the party.
Last year I went to the village where I was born.
This is the reason why she will go to london.
2)在先行词相同的情况下，根据它们在定语从句中所起的语法作用，可用不同的引导词连接不同的定语从句。
例如：
This is the school where I students for six years.(school或student的状语)。
This is the school which he mentioned just now.(school作menttioned的宾语).
初中英语知识点总结 篇2
1、时间状语从句：引导时间状语从句的连词有when/while/as/as soon as/until/not…untill/before/after/since等。
例如：
When you leave,please take a raincoat with you.
As soon as she got home,she began to make dinner.
注意：
(1)while意为“当…期间”，从句中的谓语动词一般用进行时态。
例如：
Take notes while you are listening to the teacher.
(2)while侧重主句中谓语动词表示的动作或存在的状态与从句谓语动词所表示的动作或存在的状态的对比，常译为“而”。
例如：
He is a worker while I am a student.
(3)not…until,直到……才，主句谓语动词必须是非持续性动词而且主句是否定式，从句为肯定式。
例如：
He did not go to bed until his mother came.
(4)在时间状语从句中要用一般现在时表示将来时间。
例如：
Mr smith will telephone you when he returns.
2、原因状语从句：引导原因状语从句的连词有：because/as/since等。
例如：
His sister is in bed because she is ill.
注意：含原因状语从句的复合句，有时可以转换为用so连接的并列句，故because和so不能同时出现在一个句子中。
例如：
He did not come here because he was busy.
He was busy,so he did not come here.
3、地点状语从句：引导地点状语从句的连词有where或wherever.
例如：
Where there is no air or water,noboday can live.
4、条件状语从句：引导条件状语从句的'连词有if/unless等。
(1)在含有if引导的条件状语从句的主从复合句中，主句谓语部分通常含有will/shall或情态动词，从句用一般现在时表示将来时态。
例如：
We will go for a picnic if it dose not rain tomorrow.
(2)if……not常译作“如果不…”，相当于unless,unless含有否定意义，译作“假如不”，“除非”。
例如：
例如：
You will fail if you do not work hard.
You will fail unless you work hard.
(3)用if改写“祈使句+and+简单句”这一句子结构中的祈使句时，要在祈使句前加if you,并去掉并列连词and.
例如：
Study hard,and you will catch up with us.
If you study hard,you will catch up with us.
(4)用if……not改写“祈使句+or+简单句”这一结构中的祈使句时，要变祈使句为否定的条件状语从句，并去掉or.
例如：
Hurry,or you won′t catch the bus.
If you study hard ,you will catch up with us.
5、目的和结构状语从句：引导目的状语从句的连词有so that;引导结果状语从句的连词有so …that…，such…that….
(1)so是副词，修饰形容词或副词。
So +adj/adv+that
例如：the shoes are so small that I can not wear them.
(2)such是形容词，修饰名词。
Such+a/an+adj+n(可数名词单数)+that…
Such+adj+n(不可数名词单数，可数名词复数)+that…
例如：
She is such a lovely girl that we all like her.可改为：she is so lovely a girl that we all like her.
(3)如果名词前是表示多少的many/much/few/little等词时要用so.
例如：
I have so much money that we all like her.
(4)so …that的主从复合句在转换为简单句时，可选用下列四种结构。
Too…to do sth too…for sb to do
…enough to do sth enough for sb to do
例如：
Tom is so young that he can not join the army.
Tom is too young to join the army./tom is not old enough to jion the army.
The milk is so cool that we can drink it.
The milk is cool enough for us to drink.
6、比较状语从句：引导比较状语从句的连词有as…as,than等。
(1)表示甲乙在某一个方面相同时，用as+形容词/副词原级+as结构，表示甲在某一个方面不如乙时，用“not as/so+形容词/副词原级+as”结构。
例如：
John is as clever as tom.
He dose not run as/so fast as you .
(2)表示甲程度高于乙时，用“形容词、副词的比较级+than引导的”从句结构。
He si taller than I .
(3)两个比较对象要对等，即“应是句子中的同等成分进行比较”。
例如：
The weather in south is always hotter than that in north.
7、让步状语从句：引导让步状语从句的连词有though,although等。
例如：
They kept working on the farm though it was raining hard.=it was raining hard,but they kept working on the farm.
注意：though/although不能与并列连词but同时出现在一个句子中。
初中英语知识点总结 篇3
I.要点
表示说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望、建议或与事实相反的假设等。一般常用于正式的书面语中。
1、虚拟语气的构成
如：与现在事实相反
If I had more time， I should study German.(fact:I have no more time， so I shall not study German.)
If she were not so busy， she would attend the meeting this afternoon.(fact:she is very busy， so she will not attend the meeting this afternoon.) If they didn’t take physical eXercises every day， they
wouldn’t be so healthy.(fact: they take physical eXercises every day， so they are very healthy.)
与过去事实相反：
I would have checked my paper again if I had had more time at yesterday’s eXamination.(fact:I had no more time at yesterday’s eXam， so I didn’t check my paper again) You would have already recovered from his illness if he had seen the doctor in good time.(fact: He didn’t see the doctor in good time ，so he hasn’t recovered from his illness ) 与将来事实相反：
If it rains tomorrow， our picnic will be put off.(The weather has been changeable these days.) If it rained tomorrow， our picnic would be put off.( The weather has beenvery good these days.) If it should rain tomorrow， our picnic would be put off.(That would be out of our eXpectation.) If it were to rain tomorrow， our picnic would be put off.(条件从句谓语动词用were to +动词原形，表示下雨的可能性极小。Were to rain和should rain都表示“出乎意料之外”，但were to加强表示“当初没想到以后的事”)
注：
(（1)如果条件从句谓语动词包含有were或had， should， could
有时可将if省去，但要倒装。如：
Had you (If you had)invited us， we would have come to your party.
(2）混合时间条件句的用法：
有时条件从句的动作和主句动作发生的时间不一致。这时动词的形式，应根据它所要表达的具体时间来决定用什么形式。
（1)If she hadn’t trained so hard， she wouldn’t be run so fast.(从句叙述过去，主句叙述现在。) (fact: she has trained very hard， so she would able to run fast.)
（2）You would speak English well enough if you had practised reading and speaking it every day.(主句叙述现在，从句叙述过去)
(fact: You didn’t practice (hasn’t practiced )reading and speaking it every day， so you can’t speak English well enough.)
(3）在其他状语从句中的。用法
主要用于由as if (as though)引导的比较状语从句，从句中谓语动词一般用“动词的过去式(be变were )或had +过去分词。”如： She looked as if she were ill.(实际上她没有病，在这里用虚拟语气补语比喻她精神不佳)
Xiao Liu speaks English so well as if he had studied in England.(这里用虚拟语气表现他的英语说得好)
2、虚拟语气在各种从句的.应用
(（1)在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、惋惜、理应如此等，其谓语形式是"should(可省)+动词原形"，常用于以下三种句型中。 句型一、It is necessary (important， natural， strange， etc)that…
句型二、It is a pity (a shame， no wonder， etc)that… 句型三、It is suggested (requested， proposed， desired， etc)that…
如：It is strange that he (should)have done that. It is a pity that he (should)be so careless. It is requested that we (should)be so careless.
(2）在宾语从句中用于suggest， propose， move， insist， desire， demand， request， order， command等动词后的宾语从句中，表间接的命令和建议。其谓语形式是"(should)+动词原形"。如：
I suggest that we (should)go swimming.
(3）在表语从句中，表示间接的命令，要求、请求、建议、决定等，主句中的主语通常是suggestion， proposal， request， orders， idea等。从句谓语形式是"(should)+动词原形"。如： His suggestion is that we (should)leave at once. （4)在同位语从句中，谓语形式是"(should)+动词原形"。如： We received order that the work be done at once.
（5)在It is time that…句型中，其谓语动词形式是"动词的过去式"或"should +动词原形"，should不可省。如： Its time (that)we went ( should go)to school.
初中英语知识点总结 篇4
作状语，作定语，作表语，作宾补
1.副词的排列顺序
1)时间，地点副词，小单位在前，大单位在后
2)方式副词，短的在前，长的在后，并用and或but等连词连接。
3)多个不同副词排列：程度+地点+方式+时间副词
注意：副词very可以修饰形容词，但不能修饰动词
副词enough要放在形容词或副词的后面，形容词enough放在名词前后都可。
2副词比较等级
其变化规则与形容词比较等级变化规则相同。 但副词的最高级前一般不加定冠词the.
3辨析：
1)how long, how soon, how ofen, how far
how long: “多久，多长时间”，对一个持续的`时间段提问，常对“for+时间段”和“since+时间点”进行提问。
how soon: “多快，多久以后”，对一个短暂性动作提问，用于一般将来时的句子中，常对“in+时间段”进行提问。
how often: “多长时间一次”，对频率提问，常对“once，twice,three times a week”等提问。 how far: “多远”，对距离提问。
2)hard和hardly
hard “努力地，辛苦地，剧烈地，猛烈地”，是程度副词。 hardly ：“几乎不”，是否定副词。
3)much too 和too much
much too “非常，极其，太” 修饰形容词或副词原级 too much “太多” 修饰不可数名词
初中英语知识点总结 篇5
动词不定式：to +动词原形+sth
做主语的时候：
It is good to study English well学习英语好是很好的`事情=To study English well is good
做宾语的时候：动词词组：动词+to do sth
I want to do housework我想要做家务
做补语的时候：
I ask you to do homework我叫你去写作业
I believe it good to learn English well我相信学好英语是很好的
I think it good to learn English well我认为学好英语是很好的
I find it good to learn English well我发现学好英语是很好的
I discover it good to learn English well我发现学好英语是很好
I feel it good to learn English well我感觉学好英语是很好的
I make it good to learn English well我使得学好英语是很好的
